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| The Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) is the first video game console made by Nintendo in Japan, Europe, and the United States. It came out in 1985 in the United States and was very popular. In Japan, the console looked different and was called the Famicom (from Family Computer).
| | 红白机（Family Computer）是任天堂于 1983 年 7 月 15 日 推出的家用游戏机。在日本国内的简称及略写为 “ファミコン”（Famicom）、“FC”。当时的发售价格为 14,800 日元。 |
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| The controller for the NES was different from the joysticks that older consoles had. It had a D-pad button that could go up, down, left, or right. It also had A, B, Select, and Start buttons. The NES could use up to two controllers for multiplayer games. There were also other types of controllers that could be used with the NES.
| | 此前，任天堂通过在国内外推出便携式游戏机 “Game & Watch”（游戏 & 手表），获得了约 40 亿日元的利润，成功推动了该业务发展。随后，任天堂投入这笔利润研发出了红白机。在同一时期推出的游戏机中，红白机创下了最高出货量纪录；在日本，销售家用游戏机及游戏软件的店铺甚至被称为 “ファミコンショップ”（红白机商店），其商标已达到被普遍用作通用名称的程度，认知度极高，并且对出版、音乐等其他行业也产生了影响。 |
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| Some famous games for the NES are Super Mario Bros., The Legend of Zelda, Metroid, Mega Man, Castlevania, Donkey Kong, and Final Fantasy. There have been many sequels to these games. Nintendo discontinued (stopped making and selling) the NES in 1995 and the Famicom in 2003.
| | 在日本境外，中华民国（台湾地区）和香港地区也推出了部分符合当地规格的机型。另一方面，在北美洲的美国和加拿大、欧洲的欧共体成员国（当时）、澳大利亚以及韩国，任天堂则以 “Nintendo Entertainment System”（任天堂娱乐系统，简称：NES）的名义推出了机型，其主要规格与红白机相同。 |
| ==Background==
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| In 1983, Nintendo, a relatively small arcade company, released the Family Computer (Famicom for short) in Japan. It ended up selling really well, but Nintendo kept it in Japan. Nintendo then thought about using [[Atari]], who was dominating the North American video game market, to distribute the system. Plans changed though when the [[Video game crash of 1983]] happened. The crash was because of too many consoles, poorly made games, and bad business practices. All the gaming companies began to lose money, and everyone in North America stopped buying video games. Nintendo, though, still thought they could have a chance to bring the Famicom to North America. In early 1985, at an electronics show, they showed off the Advanced Video System, which looked more futuristic, used wireless controllers, and looked much different than other gaming consoles. It received a lot of attention, but no one bought anything. Nintendo then renamed the system the ''Nintendo Entertainment System'' and made it look like a VCR. In October 1985, Nintendo decided to rent a small warehouse in New York City and quietly launched the console. Nintendo wasn't sure if it would work, but released it anyway. Some launch titles were Super Mario Bros., various sports games, and ported arcade games like [[Donkey Kong]]. It also came packaged with [[R.O.B. the Robot]]. It would turn out to be a huge success, and the gaming industry was revived. It would sell over 60 million units. The console after it was called the [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System]] and it launched in 1991, but the NES would still be supported until 1995.
| | 2003 年，红白机主机的出货工作已全部完成，但部分游戏软件仍在后续推出的游戏机上推出了复刻版本（详见 #复刻版）。 |
红白机（Family Computer）是任天堂于 1983 年 7 月 15 日 推出的家用游戏机。在日本国内的简称及略写为 “ファミコン”（Famicom）、“FC”。当时的发售价格为 14,800 日元。
此前，任天堂通过在国内外推出便携式游戏机 “Game & Watch”（游戏 & 手表），获得了约 40 亿日元的利润，成功推动了该业务发展。随后，任天堂投入这笔利润研发出了红白机。在同一时期推出的游戏机中，红白机创下了最高出货量纪录；在日本，销售家用游戏机及游戏软件的店铺甚至被称为 “ファミコンショップ”（红白机商店），其商标已达到被普遍用作通用名称的程度，认知度极高，并且对出版、音乐等其他行业也产生了影响。
在日本境外，中华民国（台湾地区）和香港地区也推出了部分符合当地规格的机型。另一方面，在北美洲的美国和加拿大、欧洲的欧共体成员国（当时）、澳大利亚以及韩国，任天堂则以 “Nintendo Entertainment System”（任天堂娱乐系统，简称：NES）的名义推出了机型，其主要规格与红白机相同。
2003 年，红白机主机的出货工作已全部完成，但部分游戏软件仍在后续推出的游戏机上推出了复刻版本（详见 #复刻版）。
